In a significant move highlighting the urgency of climate change action, four Supreme Court judges—Justices Surya Kant, PS Narasimha, Sanjay Karol, and KV Vishwanathan—expressed deep concerns over the escalating climate crisis and called for the establishment of a dedicated Climate Commission in India. This body, they suggested, would function similarly to the NITI Aayog, addressing climate issues comprehensively and ensuring cohesive policy implementation.
Key Highlights from the Judges’ Remarks
- Urgency of Climate Action:
Justice KV Vishwanathan emphasized that merely focusing on reducing carbon emissions is insufficient for a developing country like India. He highlighted the severity of the current climate situation, citing scientific reports that indicate unprecedented global warming over the past century. He advocated for a holistic approach, integrating various aspects of climate mitigation, adaptation, and resilience into national policy oai_citation:1,Supreme Court judges flag concerns over climate change; call for formation of Climate Commission oai_citation:2,SC Judgment on Climate Change: Recognizing the Right to a Healthy Environment – ClearIAS. - Role of Developed Countries:
Justice Surya Kant pointed out the environmental violations by developed countries, such as exporting plastic waste to developing nations. He stressed that while India has taken significant steps to reduce ecological damage and carbon emissions, there is a need for more stringent measures and legislative support to combat climate change effectively oai_citation:3,Supreme Court judges flag concerns over climate change; call for formation of Climate Commission. - Impact on Agriculture and Natural Resources:
Justice Sanjay Karol highlighted the negative impact of excessive fertilizer use and groundwater irrigation on climate change and agriculture. He also referenced the ongoing efforts to clean the Ganges, underscoring the need for sustained and effective environmental policies oai_citation:4,Supreme Court judges flag concerns over climate change; call for formation of Climate Commission. - Need for Internal Change:
Justice PS Narasimha argued that legal measures alone are not enough unless there is a fundamental change in people’s attitudes towards the environment. He underscored the widespread consequences of climate change, including extreme temperatures, contaminated drinking water, and rising sea levels, which affect all forms of life oai_citation:5,Supreme Court judges flag concerns over climate change; call for formation of Climate Commission.
Proposal for a Climate Commission
The judges collectively proposed the formation of a Climate Commission, a permanent body dedicated to addressing climate change from all angles. This commission would function similarly to NITI Aayog, ensuring that climate policies are implemented effectively and that there is continuous monitoring and evaluation of climate action plans.
Implications of the Proposed Climate Commission
- Comprehensive Climate Policy:
The proposed Climate Commission would help in formulating and implementing a comprehensive climate policy that aligns with international commitments like … - the Paris Agreement. This would include strategies for mitigation, adaptation, and addressing loss and damage due to climate impacts oai_citation:6,SC Judgment on Climate Change: Recognizing the Right to a Healthy Environment – ClearIAS.
- Enhanced Accountability:
Establishing a Climate Commission would ensure better accountability and coordination across different levels of government, facilitating a more unified and effective response to climate challenges. - Public Engagement:
By involving various stakeholders, including policymakers, activists, and the public, the commission would foster a more inclusive approach to climate governance, encouraging widespread participation in climate action initiatives.
Conclusion
The Supreme Court’s advocacy for a dedicated Climate Commission underscores the critical need for a structured and proactive approach to combating climate change in India. By emphasizing the integration of comprehensive policies and the establishment of a permanent body, the judges aim to enhance India’s resilience and preparedness in facing the existential threat posed by climate change.