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Bhojshala Complex Made from Parts of Earlier Temples: ASI to Madhya Pradesh High Court

The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has submitted a report to the Madhya Pradesh High Court, indicating that the Bhojshala complex in Dhar was constructed using parts of earlier temples. This conclusion follows a comprehensive survey and scientific investigation ordered by the court to determine the historical and architectural origins of the site.

Key Findings of the ASI Report

  1. Reuse of Temple Parts:
    The ASI’s report revealed that the existing structure, known as the Kamal Maula Mosque, incorporated elements from earlier temples. This is evident from the decorated pillars and pilasters that were originally part of Hindu temples. The survey found that these components were reused in the construction of the mosque’s colonnades.
  2. Art and Architecture:
    The report detailed that many pillars and pilasters in the complex, which date back to the Paramara dynasty, display mutilated images of deities. These figures have been defaced, aligning with the practices in many mosques where human and animal depictions are not permitted.
  3. Scientific Techniques:
    The ASI utilized advanced methods such as Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) and Geographic Information System (GIS) surveys, along with archaeological excavations, to gather data. This comprehensive approach helped uncover over 1,700 artifacts, including statues, structures, and murals that further support the conclusion of the temple origins.

Historical and Cultural Context

The Bhojshala complex is a protected 11th-century monument, claimed by both Hindus and Muslims. Hindus consider it a temple dedicated to Goddess Saraswati (Vagdevi), while the Muslim community identifies it as the Kamal Maula Mosque. This dual claim has been a source of contention, leading to legal disputes and the recent ASI survey.

Court Proceedings

The Madhya Pradesh High Court had directed the ASI to conduct the survey in response to a plea by the Hindu Front for Justice. This group argued that the mosque was built by dismantling Hindu temples during the reign of Alauddin Khilji. The court has scheduled the next hearing on July 22, 2024, where it will review the ASI’s findings and consider further actions based on the report.

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